Modal verbs

Modals and semi- modals verbs

Study them carefully!

Read the sentences

MODAL VERBS AND SEMI-MODAL VERBS
Outcome: By the end of the lesson you will be able to use the modal verbs for different situations.
Most modals have more than one meaning
Ability	can     could     to be able			Horses can gallop very fast. My mother can dance beautifully.
				Could you catch your train? When I was young, I could jump high. Now, I can’t
				I will be able to play the violin very well soon. They haven’t been able to win a match since last year.
Permission	may     might     can     could			May I come in?
				Might I ask you not to be so late next time?
				Can I stay here?
				Could I go to the party with my brother?
Possibility	may     might     can     could			It may rain/snow tomorrow.
				It might shine later on.
				Can it be true?
				My father could arrive this eveing if he comes by air.
Impossibility	can’t			That can’t be right.
Prohibition	must not     can’t     not to be to     may not			You must not give any cigarettes to John.
				You can’t smole in this room.
				You are not to invite him again.
				You may not open the door.
Polite requests	May     Might     Can     Could     Will     would			May I borrow your book?
				Might I have a glass of wine?
				Can you call me tomorrow?
				Could you lend me your dictionafy, please?
				Will you please answer the telephone?
				Would you please help my parents?
Deductions	must     can’t     couldn’t     would     should			He must be about fifty this year.
				She can’t be as wrong as you say.
				That will be our friend coming for dinner
				They would be in London Now.
				She should be at home at this time in the evening.
Duty	must     should     ought to			You ust respect old people.
				She should be kinder to her brother.
				You ought to work harder.
Orders	must     shall     will     to be to			You must do the washing up.
				You shall bring your homework next time.
				You will stay at home tonight.
				You are to be more silent in the classroom.
Necessity	must (expressing for yourself)     to have to     have got to (Inf. speech)     Will			You must study the whole chapter.
				I have to be at the station at 4 o’clock.
				I have got to study tonight  (I’ve got to/ I‘ve gotta…)
				Will she have to travel again?
Absence of necessity	needn’t or     don’t need to     don’t have to			You needn’t need to come if you can’t. You don’t need to come if you can’t. You don’t have to go to the party tonight. (it’s not necessary)
Suggestion	shall			Shall I help you?
Invitations	will     would			Will you come dancing?
				Would you like to come for a drink?
Habits	usede to     would			She used to play the violin.
				She would go to the market on Saturday morning.
Dare	dare			I dare not ask them to come.
Advise	ought     must     should			You ought to study more next year.
				You must visti the U.S.A.
				You shouldn see the dentist at least once a year.
Take this short Quiz		Complete on the blanks with the most coherent modal.
1.   New drivers ____________take a test in order to get a driver’s license. They have no choice. 2.   A: _______________ go to work today? B: No, I don’t, because it’s Sunday. 3.    I’m sorry, Mom. I ___________________ call you back later. My cell phone battery is dying.					4.   A: _______________ John ____________ study very much yesterday? B: No, he didn’t. 5.   My father ___________ attend the meeting yesterday. 6.    I ________ be careful not to upset him. 7.
Check your answers: 1.    Must   2. Do you have to       3. Have got to   4 Did/have to   5. had to     6. Must
Take this short Quiz			Complete on the blanks with: have to, had to, must, mustn’t, not have to
1.   You _____________ turn in your homework by Tursday. 2.   Did she ____________ go to school last week? 3.   I __________ go with you tomorrow. I have no choice. 4.   They ____________ sell their car for less than what they paid for it. 5.   You may ______________ read it after all. 6.   You _____________ be late for school tomorrow, we are having a test. 7.   She ________ give the names of the people she was with last night. 8.   “I___________ drive until I’m 18,” he said. 9.    You do _______________ come with us if you don’t want to come. 10.   Mari will ____________ take the bus in the morning that is why she is leaving early.
Check your answers: 1. have to  2. have to   3. must  4.  must  5. have to  6. mustn’t   7.has to                                         8. musn’t   9. not have to     10. have to